🎯 什么是工作流自动化？
工作流自动化是指将一系列相关的任务串联起来，形成一个自动执行的流程。在 OpenClaw 中，你可以通过 Agent 工作流 来实现复杂的业务逻辑自动化。
想象一下，你有一个"数字员工"，它能自动完成以下工作：
- 每天早上 8 点，自动收集行业新闻
- 分析新闻内容，提取关键信息
- 生成新闻摘要和分析报告
- 将报告发送到飞书群和邮箱
- 更新网站内容和 SEO 数据
这就是工作流自动化的魅力！
🔧 基础工作流构建
让我们从一个简单的工作流开始：
示例：自动内容生成工作流
# workflow.yaml - 内容生成工作流
name: "每日内容生成"
description: "自动生成 AI 新闻日报和 SEO 内容"
steps:
- name: "收集新闻"
tool: "web_search"
params:
query: "AI 新闻 OpenClaw"
count: 10
output: "news_list"
- name: "分析内容"
tool: "content_analyzer"
params:
input: "{{ news_list }}"
analysis_type: "sentiment_and_keywords"
output: "analysis_result"
- name: "生成报告"
tool: "report_generator"
params:
template: "daily_news"
data: "{{ analysis_result }}"
output: "report_content"
- name: "发布内容"
tool: "publisher"
params:
content: "{{ report_content }}"
channels:
- "website"
- "feishu"
- "discord"
triggers:
- cron: "0 8 * * *" # 每天早上 8 点执行
💡 妙趣说： 工作流就像搭积木，每个步骤都是一块积木。你可以自由组合这些积木，创造出无限可能！
🔗 条件分支与循环
真实的工作流往往需要处理复杂的逻辑，OpenClaw 支持条件分支和循环：
条件分支示例
steps:
- name: "检查内容质量"
tool: "quality_checker"
params:
content: "{{ generated_content }}"
output: "quality_score"
- name: "高质量内容处理"
condition: "{{ quality_score }} >= 80"
tool: "publisher"
params:
content: "{{ generated_content }}"
channels: ["website", "social_media"]
- name: "低质量内容处理"
condition: "{{ quality_score }} < 80"
tool: "content_enhancer"
params:
content: "{{ generated_content }}"
enhancement_level: "high"
output: "enhanced_content"
- name: "发布增强内容"
condition: "{{ quality_score }} < 80"
tool: "publisher"
params:
content: "{{ enhanced_content }}"
channels: ["website"]
循环处理示例
steps:
- name: "获取待处理列表"
tool: "data_fetcher"
params:
source: "pending_tasks"
output: "task_list"
- name: "批量处理任务"
loop:
over: "{{ task_list }}"
as: "current_task"
steps:
- name: "处理单个任务"
tool: "task_processor"
params:
task: "{{ current_task }}"
output: "task_result"
- name: "记录结果"
tool: "result_recorder"
params:
task_id: "{{ current_task.id }}"
result: "{{ task_result }}"
🤖 多 Agent 协作工作流
OpenClaw 最强大的特性之一是支持多 Agent 协作。你可以让不同的 Agent 分工合作，共同完成复杂任务：
# multi-agent-workflow.yaml
name: "全栈开发工作流"
description: "多个 Agent 协作完成全栈开发任务"
agents:
- name: "需求分析师"
role: "分析用户需求，生成技术规格"
skills: ["requirement_analysis", "technical_writing"]
- name: "前端开发者"
role: "开发前端界面"
skills: ["react", "css", "ui_design"]
- name: "后端开发者"
role: "开发后端服务"
skills: ["nodejs", "database", "api_design"]
- name: "测试工程师"
role: "进行测试和质量保证"
skills: ["testing", "automation", "bug_tracking"]
workflow:
- step: "需求分析"
agent: "需求分析师"
input: "用户需求文档"
output: "技术规格"
- step: "并行开发"
parallel:
- agent: "前端开发者"
input: "技术规格"
output: "前端代码"
- agent: "后端开发者"
input: "技术规格"
output: "后端代码"
- step: "集成测试"
agent: "测试工程师"
input:
- "前端代码"
- "后端代码"
output: "测试报告"
📊 工作流监控与优化
构建工作流只是第一步，持续的监控和优化同样重要：
1. 性能监控
# 查看工作流执行状态
openclaw workflow status "每日内容生成"
# 查看详细执行日志
openclaw workflow logs "每日内容生成" --last-run
# 性能分析
openclaw workflow analyze "每日内容生成" --metrics
2. 错误处理与重试
steps:
- name: "网络请求"
tool: "web_fetch"
params:
url: "https://api.example.com/data"
retry:
max_attempts: 3
delay: "5s"
backoff: "exponential"
on_error:
- action: "notify"
channel: "feishu"
message: "网络请求失败，正在重试..."
- action: "fallback"
tool: "backup_data_source"
3. 工作流版本管理
# 创建工作流版本
openclaw workflow version create "每日内容生成" --tag "v2.0"
# 回滚到之前的版本
openclaw workflow version rollback "每日内容生成" --tag "v1.5"
# 比较版本差异
openclaw workflow version diff "v1.5" "v2.0"
🚀 高级技巧
掌握这些高级技巧，让你的工作流更加强大：
1. 动态工作流生成
根据运行时条件动态生成工作流步骤：
steps:
- name: "分析任务类型"
tool: "task_analyzer"
params:
input: "{{ user_request }}"
output: "task_type"
- name: "动态生成工作流"
tool: "workflow_generator"
params:
task_type: "{{ task_type }}"
template_library: "workflows/"
output: "dynamic_workflow"
- name: "执行动态工作流"
tool: "workflow_executor"
params:
workflow: "{{ dynamic_workflow }}"
2. 工作流模板库
创建可复用的工作流模板，提高开发效率：
# 创建模板
openclaw workflow template create "内容生成模板" --from "每日内容生成"
# 使用模板创建新工作流
openclaw workflow create "周报生成" --template "内容生成模板"
# 模板参数化
openclaw workflow template add-param "内容生成模板" \
--name "content_type" \
--type "string" \
--description "内容类型"
3. 事件驱动工作流
triggers:
# 定时触发
- cron: "0 8 * * *"
# 事件触发
- event: "new_email_received"
filter:
from: "boss@company.com"
subject: "*紧急*"
# Webhook 触发
- webhook:
path: "/api/trigger"
method: "POST"
authentication: "bearer_token"